Flowers that are particularly attractive to hummingbirds are those that have vibrant blooms, tubular shapes that are designed to accommodate their long bills and an abundance of nectar. Although red is the most effective attractant for these pollinators, hummingbirds are also attracted to vibrant shades of yellow, orange, and purple..
Hummingbirds are attracted to a variety of annual and perennial plants, regardless of the growing zone in which they reside. A significant number of them can be cultivated in hanging baskets or pots, which makes them readily accessible to individuals who lack yard space. By selecting flowers that have lengthy bloom times or repeat blooming, you will receive consistent visits for an extended period of time. If you are in search of inspiration, the following are some of the most effective hummingbird flowers to ensure that these winged marvels return to your yard.
Diversity Is Important
A hummingbird garden should consist of a variety of flowers that can be used as a source of sustenance during the spring, summer, and autumn. If you reside in a southern region, consider incorporating blossoms that bloom during mild winters to provide essential sustenance for migrating hummingbirds that are overwintering here.
1. Bee Balm
Perennial bee balm (Monarda didyma) is an intriguing and visually appealing plant in the garden, and it serves as an attraction for hummingbirds, butterflies, and other pollinators due to its spherical shape and complete spikes. This flower typically grows to a height of two to four feet and necessitates division every three to four years. Unless the flowers are deadheaded after they blossom, they will self-seed freely in the garden.
2. Cardinal Flower
Perennial cardinal flowers (Lobelia cardinalis) generate lengthy floral stalks that can reach a height of four feet. It is an attractive garden plant and a food source for hummingbirds due to the delicate nature of its rich crimson blooms. Place it at the rear of mixed-perennial garden plots. In harsher climates (north of zone 6), mulch is used to prevent frost heaving and moisten the soil. Cardinal flowers are comparatively short-lived; however, they frequently self-seed and establish permanent colonies without the need for division.
3. Zinnia
Zinnias are among the most straightforward annuals to cultivate, and their vibrant blooms are particularly appealing to hummingbirds. Cultivars are classified according to their flower morphology and growth habit, and their heights vary from 6 inches to 4 feet. Once the nectar is consumed by hummingbirds, seeds are produced, rendering them an ideal source of food for birds such as finches. Zinnias are susceptible to fungal diseases when the foliage becomes damp or when the soil is humid. However, they prefer moist soil. Provide ample space for air circulation and refrain from overhead irrigation.
4. Salvia
Numerous perennial and annual species comprise the extensive Salvia genus. Autumn sage, also known as Salvia nemarosa or Salvia greggii, is typically cultivated in the garden. Salvia is an ideal choice for the backs or centers of flowerbeds due to its tall stems and small blooms. Perennial salvia flowers emerge in midsummer and blossom until late summer. They will bloom repeatedly if they are kept moist. This plant, which forms clumps and grows to a height of 18 to 36 inches, is simple to care for and grows steadily. It does not necessitate any division.
5. Bleeding Heart
A stunning perennial plant with attractive foliage and dangling, heart-shaped blooms in white or pink, bleeding hearts (Lamprocapnos spectabilis) thrive in cooler climates and mildly shaded locations. Divide them for transplanting as they elongate, as they reach a height of 24 to 36 inches. The plants consistently return each spring, despite the fact that the foliage may turn yellow and perish in the heat of summer. In order to prevent root decay, it prefers moist soil that is well-drained.
6. Butterfly Bush
This deciduous, perennial flowering shrub is equally effective at attracting hummingbirds as it is at enticing butterflies, as indicated by its name. From midsummer to autumn, the butterfly bush (Buddleia davidii) produces thick, elongated clusters of flowers that bloom repeatedly. This drought-tolerant plant flourishes in full sun and matures into a thick, luxurious shrub, which attracts a greater number of hummingbirds and offers a wonderful habitat for a variety of bird species.
7. Trumpet Creeper
The perennial trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans), also known as the hummingbird vine or trumpet vine, has the ability to rapidly engulf a small area and will grow on a variety of surfaces, such as wooden arbors, fences, and trees. Its long, tubular flowers and dense foliage are ideal for attracting hummingbirds. It is most successful when exposed to full sun to moderate shade. Be cautious of its aggressive growth and invasive characteristics. It is essential to prune the plant frequently to prevent it from overrunning a garden or escaping into the adjacent area.
8. Lupine
Wild lupines are not well-suited for garden environments; however, numerous hybrids are exceptional garden perennials. This early-blooming plant is optimal for attracting spring hummingbirds prior to the emergence of other blossoms, when insect food sources are limited. The densely flowered stalks of lupines (Lupinus x hybridus) can reach a height of 3 to 4 feet, although dwarf varieties remain at or below 2 feet. No division is required; however, they should be replanted every three years or so. Lupines are frequently cultivated as annuals in regions with higher temperatures.
Spiders are drawn to tall plants, such as lupines, because they provide an ideal environment for the construction of webs. Don’t remove any webs that appear among the plants if your objective is to attract hummingbirds to your garden. Hummingbirds frequently capture insects that are trapped in the delicate web threads and use them as material to construct nests.
9. Eastern Red Columbine
The Aquilegia genus contains numerous garden perennials, including the common columbine, Aquilegia canadensis. However, the numerous cultivars and hybrids that have been derived from these species are of even greater significance. The most common application of columbine is as an edging plant in flower gardens and fences. It can reach a height of 1 to 3 feet, contingent upon the specific variety chosen. Additional flowers will be produced by removing the flower stems after they have bloomed.
10. Petunia
Petunias are among the most widely cultivated annual flowers due to their affordability and ease of cultivation. They are also favored for containers, borders, and receptacles in small spaces, and they thrive in nearly any sunny garden location. Providing an abundance of nectar for hungry hummingbirds, the flower flourishes best in full sun and will bloom repeatedly.